Fiber lasers are modern coherent-light sources that are appreciated for their excellent beam quality, low maintenance requirements, high-average-output power and other advantages. Thulium fiber lasers operating at wavelengths at around 2 micrometers has many unique applications in medicine, material processing, nonlinear frequency conversion, defense etc., but their output power significantly lag behind its potential, looking for laser technology breakthroughs that would eventually enable further increase of their output power. The main power limiting factors are associated with thermal and temperature effects. The project builds on new results in study of temperature effects of spectroscopic parameters as well as investigations of thermal treatment in thulium fiber preparation stages. Novel setups of fiber laser resonator and designs of active fibers including advanced coatings will be studied in order to mitigate the detrimental temperature effects and enable reliable, kW-class high-power operation of thulium fiber lasers.